I paid for and attended educational conferences and courses that further my skills and knowledge in my field (medical), Can I claim the cost of these?

If these courses were to gain a new skill, then you might be able to claim the Tuition credit if the tuition or the exam fees are eligible.

If you took these courses to enhance or update existing skills, then you would need a T2202 from your employer to be able to claim these expenses as employment expenses. You can enter the amount as an "other expense".