Did you figure this out? I'm in a similar situation and didn't have much luck with calling the turbo tax staff.
For question 1, I think you might be able to get an idea of if you're a non resident for tax purposes from notes below. Being a resident of another country seems to be an important condition.
For question 2, I'm a bit confused as well, but there does seem to be a field where you can put in your departure date. Interestingly adjusting the departure date by even 1 day seems to affect your tax return amount. There is also a field you can put in your foreign income which I believe affects your tax bracket? You can check out my question https://turbotax.community.intuit.ca/community/troubleshooting/discussion/i-left-canada-in-may-where.... Hopefully someone smarter than me can confirm if I am correct.
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You are a non-resident for income tax purposes if you:
- normally, customarily, or routinely live in another country and are not considered a resident of Canada
- do not have significant residential ties in Canada and any of the following applies:
- You live outside Canada throughout the tax year
- You stay in Canada for less than 183 days in the tax year
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If you lived outside Canada during the tax year and you are a government employee, a member of the Canadian Forces or their overseas school staff, or working under a Global Affairs Canada assistance program, see Government employees outside Canada for the rules that apply to you. These rules can also apply to your dependent children and other family members.
If you sojourned in Canada for 183 days or more (the 183-day rule) in the tax year, do not have significant residential ties with Canada, and are not considered a resident of another country under the terms of a tax treaty between Canada and that country, see Deemed residents of Canada for the rules that apply to you.
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"If you are a deemed resident of Canada, and also establish residential ties in a country with which Canada has a tax treaty and that you are considered to be a resident of that country for the purposes of that tax treaty, you may be considered a deemed non-resident of Canada for income tax purposes.
You become a deemed non-resident of Canada when your ties with the other country become such that, under the tax treaty with which Canada has with the other country, you would be considered a resident of that other country and not Canada."
Sources:
https://www.canada.ca/en/revenue-agency/services/tax/international-non-residents/individuals-leaving...
https://www.canada.ca/en/revenue-agency/services/tax/international-non-residents/individuals-leaving...
